Genetic issues affecting conception: Genetic problems generally relate to chromosomal abnormalities and single gene issues. These often cause embryo implantation failure and pregnancy loss, as well as possibly resulting in birth defects when a child is born with a chromosomal or single gene defect. Chromosomal disorders can relate to one or more of an embryo’s chromosome pairs containing either one too many or one too few chromosomes. When the chromosome is not paired correctly, it is called aneuploidy. A chromosome may also have an abnormal structure. Both kinds of chromosome problems can be present in the female egg and/or the male sperm. Single gene defects result from the embryo inheriting a genetic flaw from one or both parents. The gene could be one that results in cystic fibrosis or muscular dystrophy in birth. These single-gene defects can also cause embryo implantation failure or pregnancy loss. Genetic issues often can be identified through preimplantation genetic screening, two types of embryo evaluation during IVF that can identify either form of genetic issues. Unexplained infertility Unexplained infertility is the diagnosis that fertility specialists give an individual or couple when fertility tests can not confirm a definitive cause for infertility. Unexplained infertility does not mean that there is not a cause for infertility; it simply means that the tests and examinations are not able to detect the reason an individual or couple is struggling to conceive. Unexplained infertility is the diagnosis in about 10-15% of infertility cases. When is unexplained infertility the diagnosis? Individuals and couples will receive an unexplained infertility diagnosis when the following conditions exist. The woman is ovulating regularly and has an appropriate ovarian reserve (antral follicle count). The female or female partner has at least one open fallopian tube (evaluated using a hysterosalpingogram). The male or male partner’s semen analysis is normal (including sperm count, shape and movement). Exams of the individual or of both partners did not result in the diagnosis of conditions or structural abnormalities that can cause infertility, such as uterine fibroids in women or varicoceles in men. Unexplained infertility treatment The inability to pin down a diagnosis with current fertility testing technology does not mean that a couple cannot get pregnant. In some cases, simple lifestyle changes or weight loss can improve the chances of pregnancy. Fertility treatments such as fertility medications combined with IUI (intrauterine insemination) or in vitro fertilization (IVF) can dramatically improve the chances of pregnancy for those struggling with unexplained infertility. Best Fertility Care Centre , Advanced Fertility Care Centre, Maternal & Child Health Care Centre , Ashwini Hospital & Fertility Care Centre Moondrumavadi K.Pudur Madurai-07